AP-1

AP-1（エーピーワン、activator protein 1、アクチベータータンパク質1）は、c-Fos、(c-Jun)、(ATF)、(JDP)ファミリーに属するタンパク質で構成されているヘテロ二量体タンパク質の転写因子である。AP-1はサイトカインや成長因子、ストレス^[]、バクテリアやウイルスの感染など様々な刺激に応答して遺伝子発現を制御している^[1]。同様に、細胞の分化や増殖、アポトーシスなど多くの細胞内プロセスを制御している^[2]。

AP-1/DNA複合体の結晶構造 (PDB: 1FOS)。c-Fos（シアン）と(c-Jun)（緑）から構成されているAP-1ヘテロ二量体とDNA（茶）が複合体を形成している。

AP-1はTPA DNA応答配列 (TRE; 5'-T G AG/CTCA-3') を含む遺伝子の転写を上昇させる^[1]。AP-1の二量体構造はロイシンジッパーで形成されているが、DNA配列には塩基性アミノ酸領域を介して結合する^[3]。

Regulome

脚注

^ ^a ^b Hess J, Angel P, Schorpp-Kistner M (2004). “AP-1 subunits: quarrel and harmony among siblings”. J. Cell. Sci. 117 (Pt 25): 5965–73. doi:10.1242/jcs.01589. PMID (15564374).
^ Ameyar M, Wisniewska M, Weitzman JB (August 2003). “A role for AP-1 in apoptosis: the case for and against”. Biochimie 85 (8): 747–52. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2003.09.006. PMID (14585541).
^ Glover JN, Harrison SC (1995). “Crystal structure of the heterodimeric bZIP transcription factor c-Fos-c-Jun bound to DNA”. Nature 373 (6511): 257–61. doi:10.1038/373257a0. PMID (7816143).
^ Proffitt J, Crabtree G, Grove M, Daubersies P, Bailleul B, Wright E, Plumb M (January 1995). “An ATF/CREB-binding site is essential for cell-specific and inducible transcription of the murine MIP-1 beta cytokine gene”. Gene 152 (2): 173–9. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00701-S. PMID (7835696).
^ Rainio EM, Sandholm J, Koskinen PJ (February 2002). “Cutting edge: Transcriptional activity of NFATc1 is enhanced by the Pim-1 kinase”. J. Immunol. 168 (4): 1524–7. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00701-S. PMID (11823475).
^ Sanyal S, Sandstrom DJ, Hoeffer CA, Ramaswami M (April 2002). “AP-1 functions upstream of CREB to control synaptic plasticity in Drosophila”. Nature 416 (6883): 870–4. doi:10.1038/416870a. PMID (11976688).
^ Hirayama J, Cardone L, Doi M, Sassone-Corsi P (July 2005). “Common pathways in circadian and cell cycle clocks: light-dependent activation of Fos/AP-1 in zebrafish controls CRY-1a and WEE-1”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (29): 10194–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0502610102. PMC 1177375. PMID (16000406).
^ Wai PY, Mi Z, Gao C, Guo H, Marroquin C, Kuo PC (July 2006). “Ets-1 and runx2 regulate transcription of a metastatic gene, osteopontin, in murine colorectal cancer cells”. J. Biol. Chem. 281 (28): 18973–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M511962200. PMID (16670084).
^ Collins-Hicok J, Lin L, Spiro C, Laybourn PJ, Tschumper R, Rapacz B, McMurray CT (May 1994). “Induction of the rat prodynorphin gene through Gs-coupled receptors may involve phosphorylation-dependent derepression and activation”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (5): 2837–48. PMC 358652. PMID (8164647).
^ ^a ^b Behren A, Simon C, Schwab RM, Loetzsch E, Brodbeck S, Huber E, Stubenrauch F, Zenner HP, Iftner T (December 2005). “Papillomavirus E2 protein induces expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/activator protein-1 signaling pathway”. Cancer Res. 65 (24): 11613–21. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2672. PMID (16357172).
^ Hennigan RF, Stambrook PJ (August 2001). “Dominant negative c-jun inhibits activation of the cyclin D1 and cyclin E kinase complexes”. Mol. Biol. Cell 12 (8): 2352–63. PMC 58599. PMID (11514621).
^ Knöchel S, Schuler-Metz A, Knöchel W (November 2000). “c-Jun (AP-1) activates BMP-4 transcription in Xenopus embryos”. Mech. Dev. 98 (1-2): 29–36. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(00)00448-2. PMID (11044605).
^ ^a ^b Kidd M, Hinoue T, Eick G, Lye KD, Mane SM, Wen Y, Modlin IM (December 2004). “Global expression analysis of ECL cells in Mastomys natalensis gastric mucosa identifies alterations in the AP-1 pathway induced by gastrin-mediated transformation”. Physiol. Genomics 20 (1): 131–42. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00216.2003. PMID (15602048).
^ Heim JM, Singh S, Fülle HJ, Gerzer R (January 1992). “Comparison of a cloned ANF-sensitive guanylate cyclase (GC-A) with particulate guanylate cyclase from adrenal cortex”. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 345 (1): 64–70. doi:10.1007/BF00175471. PMID (1347156).
^ Kuo YR, Wu WS, Wang FS (April 2007). “Flashlamp pulsed-dye laser suppressed TGF-beta1 expression and proliferation in cultured keloid fibroblasts is mediated by MAPK pathway”. Lasers Surg Med 39 (4): 358–64. doi:10.1002/lsm.20489. PMID (17457842).
^ Wu J, Bresnick EH (March 2007). “Glucocorticoid and growth factor synergism requirement for Notch4 chromatin domain activation”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (6): 2411–22. doi:10.1128/MCB.02152-06. PMC 1820485. PMID (17220278).
^ Martins G, Calame K (2008). “Regulation and functions of Blimp-1 in T and B lymphocytes”. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 26: 133–69. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090241. PMID (18370921).
^ Lunec J, Holloway K, Cooke M, Evans M (2003). “Redox-regulation of DNA repair”. Biofactors 17 (1-4): 315–24. doi:10.1002/biof.5520170131. PMID (12897453).
^ Manicassamy S, Gupta S, Huang Z, Sun Z (June 2006). “Protein kinase C-theta-mediated signals enhance CD4+ T cell survival by up-regulating Bcl-xL”. J. Immunol. 176 (11): 6709–16. PMID (16709830).
^ Wang N, Verna L, Hardy S, Forsayeth J, Zhu Y, Stemerman MB (September 1999). “Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of c-Jun and c-Fos induces intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in human endothelial cells”. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 19 (9): 2078–84. PMID (10479648).
^ Fujita S, Ito T, Mizutani T, Minoguchi S, Yamamichi N, Sakurai K, Iba H (May 2008). “miR-21 Gene expression triggered by AP-1 is sustained through a double-negative feedback mechanism”. J. Mol. Biol. 378 (3): 492–504. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2008.03.015. PMID (18384814).
^ von Knethen A, Callsen D, Brüne B (February 1999). “NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation by nitric oxide attenuated apoptotic cell death in RAW 264.7 macrophages”. Mol. Biol. Cell 10 (2): 361–72. PMC 25174. PMID (9950682).
^ Phelan JP, Millson SH, Parker PJ, Piper PW, Cooke FT (October 2006). “Fab1p and AP-1 are required for trafficking of endogenously ubiquitylated cargoes to the vacuole lumen in S. cerevisiae”. J. Cell. Sci. 119 (Pt 20): 4225–34. doi:10.1242/jcs.03188. PMID (17003107).
^ Nolasco LH, Turner NA, Bernardo A, et al. (December 2005). “Hemolytic uremic syndrome-associated Shiga toxins promote endothelial-cell secretion and impair ADAMTS13 cleavage of unusually large von Willebrand factor multimers”. Blood 106 (13): 4199–209. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-05-2111. PMC 1895236. PMID (16131569).
^ Hommura F, Katabami M, Leaner VD, et al. (May 2004). “HMG-I/Y is a c-Jun/activator protein-1 target gene and is necessary for c-Jun-induced anchorage-independent growth in Rat1a cells”. Mol. Cancer Res. 2 (5): 305–14. PMID (15192124).
^ General Introduction
^ Chang CJ, Chao JC (April 2002). “Effect of human milk and epidermal growth factor on growth of human intestinal Caco-2 cells”. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 34 (4): 394–401. doi:10.1097/00005176-200204000-00015. PMID (11930096).
^ Weber JR, Skene JH (July 1998). “The activity of a highly promiscuous AP-1 element can be confined to neurons by a tissue-selective repressive element”. J. Neurosci. 18 (14): 5264–74. PMID (9651209).
^ Lee W, Mitchell P, Tjian R (June 1987). “Purified transcription factor AP-1 interacts with TPA-inducible enhancer elements”. Cell 49 (6): 741–52. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90612-X. PMID (3034433).
^ Cohen MP, Ziyadeh FN, Lautenslager GT, Cohen JA, Shearman CW (May 1999). “Glycated albumin stimulation of PKC-beta activity is linked to increased collagen IV in mesangial cells”. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (5 Pt 2): F684–90. PMID (10330050).
^ Stark CJ, Atreya CD (2005). “Molecular advances in the cell biology of SARS-CoV and current disease prevention strategies”. Virol. J. 2: 35. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-2-35. PMC 1087510. PMID (15833113).
^ ^a ^b ^c Lane SJ, Adcock IM, Richards D, Hawrylowicz C, Barnes PJ, Lee TH (December 1998). “Corticosteroid-resistant bronchial asthma is associated with increased c-fos expression in monocytes and T lymphocytes”. J. Clin. Invest. 102 (12): 2156–64. doi:10.1172/JCI2680. PMC 509170. PMID (9854051).
^ Steiner C, Peters WH, Gallagher EP, Magee P, Rowland I, Pool-Zobel BL (March 2007). “Genistein protects human mammary epithelial cells from benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal genotoxicity by modulating the glutathione/glutathione S-transferase system”. Carcinogenesis 28 (3): 738–48. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl180. PMID (17065199).
^ Emerin and inherited disease
^ AccessMedicine - Content
^ Ahn JD, Morishita R, Kaneda Y, et al. (June 2001). “Transcription factor decoy for activator protein-1 (AP-1) inhibits high glucose- and angiotensin II-induced type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) gene expression in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells”. Diabetologia 44 (6): 713–20. doi:10.1007/s001250051680. PMID (11440364).
^ Kang S, Fisher GJ, Voorhees JJ (November 2001). “Photoaging: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment”. Clin. Geriatr. Med. 17 (4): 643–59, v–vi. doi:10.1016/S0749-0690(05)70091-4. PMID (11535421).
^ Navasa M, Gordon DA, Hariharan N, et al. (June 1998). “Regulation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein mRNA expression by endotoxin and cytokines”. J. Lipid Res. 39 (6): 1220–30. PMID (9643353).
^ Retinoic Acid Inhibits Serum-stimulated Activator Protein-1 via ...
^ Inagi R, Miyata T, Nangaku M, et al. (November 2002). “Transcriptional regulation of a mesangium-predominant gene, megsin”. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13 (11): 2715–22. doi:10.1097/01.ASN.0000033507.32175.FA. PMID (12397041).
^ Kim S, Yu SS, Lee IS, et al. (April 1999). “Human cytomegalovirus IE1 protein activates AP-1 through a cellular protein kinase(s)”. J. Gen. Virol. 80 ( Pt 4): 961–9. PMID (10211966).
^ Masuda A, Yoshikai Y, Kume H, Matsuguchi T (November 2004). “The interaction between GATA proteins and activator protein-1 promotes the transcription of IL-13 in mast cells”. J. Immunol. 173 (9): 5564–73. PMID (15494506).
^ Navas TA, Baldwin DT, Stewart TA (November 1999). “RIP2 is a Raf1-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase”. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (47): 33684–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.47.33684. PMID (10559258).
^ Simantov R (August 1995). “Neurotransporters: regulation, involvement in neurotoxicity, and the usefulness of antisense nucleic acids”. Biochem. Pharmacol. 50 (4): 435–42. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(95)00068-B. PMID (7646547).
^ Yang HS, Jansen AP, Nair R, et al. (February 2001). “A novel transformation suppressor, Pdcd4, inhibits AP-1 transactivation but not NF-kappaB or ODC transactivation”. Oncogene 20 (6): 669–76. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204137. PMID (11314000).
^ Xie J, Pan H, Yoo S, Gao SJ (December 2005). “Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus induction of AP-1 and interleukin 6 during primary infection mediated by multiple mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways”. J. Virol. 79 (24): 15027–37. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.24.15027-15037.2005. PMC 1316010. PMID (16306573).
^ Khan MA, Bouzari S, Ma C, et al. (April 2008). “Flagellin-dependent and -independent inflammatory responses following infection by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium”. Infect. Immun. 76 (4): 1410–22. doi:10.1128/IAI.01141-07. PMID (18227166).
^ Kida Y, Inoue H, Shimizu T, Kuwano K (January 2007). “Serratia marcescens serralysin induces inflammatory responses through protease-activated receptor 2”. Infect. Immun. 75 (1): 164–74. doi:10.1128/IAI.01239-06. PMC 1828393. PMID (17043106).
^ Gutzman JH, Rugowski DE, Schroeder MD, Watters JJ, Schuler LA (December 2004). “Multiple kinase cascades mediate prolactin signals to activating protein-1 in breast cancer cells”. Mol. Endocrinol. 18 (12): 3064–75. doi:10.1210/me.2004-0187. PMC 1634796. PMID (15319452).
^ Brinkmann MM, Glenn M, Rainbow L, Kieser A, Henke-Gendo C, Schulz TF (September 2003). “Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-kappaB pathways by a Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K15 membrane protein”. J. Virol. 77 (17): 9346–58. doi:10.1128/JVI.77.17.9346-9358.2003. PMC 187392. PMID (12915550).
^ Erase Your Ugly Scars
^ Greenstein S, Ghias K, Krett NL, Rosen ST (June 2002). “Mechanisms of glucocorticoid-mediated apoptosis in hematological malignancies”. Clin. Cancer Res. 8 (6): 1681–94. PMID (12060604).
^ Yokoo T, Kitamura M (May 1996). “Antioxidant PDTC induces stromelysin expression in mesangial cells via a tyrosine kinase-AP-1 pathway”. Am. J. Physiol. 270 (5 Pt 2): F806–11. PMID (8928842).
^ Gibbings DJ, Ghetu AF, Dery R, Befus AD (February 2008). “Macrophage migration inhibitory factor has a MHC class I-like motif and function”. Scand. J. Immunol. 67 (2): 121–32. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2007.02046.x. PMID (18201367).

外部リンク

NLM
Genecards
Atlas of Genetics

[pmid15564374-1] Hess J, Angel P, Schorpp-Kistner M (2004). “AP-1 subunits: quarrel and harmony among siblings”. J. Cell. Sci. 117 (Pt 25): 5965–73. doi:10.1242/jcs.01589. PMID (15564374).

[pmid14585541-2] Ameyar M, Wisniewska M, Weitzman JB (August 2003). “A role for AP-1 in apoptosis: the case for and against”. Biochimie 85 (8): 747–52. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2003.09.006. PMID (14585541).

[pmid7816143-3] Glover JN, Harrison SC (1995). “Crystal structure of the heterodimeric bZIP transcription factor c-Fos-c-Jun bound to DNA”. Nature 373 (6511): 257–61. doi:10.1038/373257a0. PMID (7816143).

[pmid7835696-4] Proffitt J, Crabtree G, Grove M, Daubersies P, Bailleul B, Wright E, Plumb M (January 1995). “An ATF/CREB-binding site is essential for cell-specific and inducible transcription of the murine MIP-1 beta cytokine gene”. Gene 152 (2): 173–9. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00701-S. PMID (7835696).

[pmid11823475-5] Rainio EM, Sandholm J, Koskinen PJ (February 2002). “Cutting edge: Transcriptional activity of NFATc1 is enhanced by the Pim-1 kinase”. J. Immunol. 168 (4): 1524–7. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)00701-S. PMID (11823475).

[pmid11976688-6] Sanyal S, Sandstrom DJ, Hoeffer CA, Ramaswami M (April 2002). “AP-1 functions upstream of CREB to control synaptic plasticity in Drosophila”. Nature 416 (6883): 870–4. doi:10.1038/416870a. PMID (11976688).

[pmid16000406-7] Hirayama J, Cardone L, Doi M, Sassone-Corsi P (July 2005). “Common pathways in circadian and cell cycle clocks: light-dependent activation of Fos/AP-1 in zebrafish controls CRY-1a and WEE-1”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (29): 10194–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0502610102. PMC 1177375. PMID (16000406).

[pmid16670084-8] Wai PY, Mi Z, Gao C, Guo H, Marroquin C, Kuo PC (July 2006). “Ets-1 and runx2 regulate transcription of a metastatic gene, osteopontin, in murine colorectal cancer cells”. J. Biol. Chem. 281 (28): 18973–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M511962200. PMID (16670084).

[pmid8164647-9] Collins-Hicok J, Lin L, Spiro C, Laybourn PJ, Tschumper R, Rapacz B, McMurray CT (May 1994). “Induction of the rat prodynorphin gene through Gs-coupled receptors may involve phosphorylation-dependent derepression and activation”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (5): 2837–48. PMC 358652. PMID (8164647).

[pmid16357172-10] Behren A, Simon C, Schwab RM, Loetzsch E, Brodbeck S, Huber E, Stubenrauch F, Zenner HP, Iftner T (December 2005). “Papillomavirus E2 protein induces expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/activator protein-1 signaling pathway”. Cancer Res. 65 (24): 11613–21. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2672. PMID (16357172).

[pmid11514621-11] Hennigan RF, Stambrook PJ (August 2001). “Dominant negative c-jun inhibits activation of the cyclin D1 and cyclin E kinase complexes”. Mol. Biol. Cell 12 (8): 2352–63. PMC 58599. PMID (11514621).

[pmid11044605-12] Knöchel S, Schuler-Metz A, Knöchel W (November 2000). “c-Jun (AP-1) activates BMP-4 transcription in Xenopus embryos”. Mech. Dev. 98 (1-2): 29–36. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(00)00448-2. PMID (11044605).

[pmid15602048-13] Kidd M, Hinoue T, Eick G, Lye KD, Mane SM, Wen Y, Modlin IM (December 2004). “Global expression analysis of ECL cells in Mastomys natalensis gastric mucosa identifies alterations in the AP-1 pathway induced by gastrin-mediated transformation”. Physiol. Genomics 20 (1): 131–42. doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00216.2003. PMID (15602048).

[pmid1347156-14] Heim JM, Singh S, Fülle HJ, Gerzer R (January 1992). “Comparison of a cloned ANF-sensitive guanylate cyclase (GC-A) with particulate guanylate cyclase from adrenal cortex”. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 345 (1): 64–70. doi:10.1007/BF00175471. PMID (1347156).

[pmid17457842-15] Kuo YR, Wu WS, Wang FS (April 2007). “Flashlamp pulsed-dye laser suppressed TGF-beta1 expression and proliferation in cultured keloid fibroblasts is mediated by MAPK pathway”. Lasers Surg Med 39 (4): 358–64. doi:10.1002/lsm.20489. PMID (17457842).

[pmid17220278-16] Wu J, Bresnick EH (March 2007). “Glucocorticoid and growth factor synergism requirement for Notch4 chromatin domain activation”. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (6): 2411–22. doi:10.1128/MCB.02152-06. PMC 1820485. PMID (17220278).

[pmid18370921-17] Martins G, Calame K (2008). “Regulation and functions of Blimp-1 in T and B lymphocytes”. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 26: 133–69. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090241. PMID (18370921).

[pmid12897453-18] Lunec J, Holloway K, Cooke M, Evans M (2003). “Redox-regulation of DNA repair”. Biofactors 17 (1-4): 315–24. doi:10.1002/biof.5520170131. PMID (12897453).

[pmid16709830-19] Manicassamy S, Gupta S, Huang Z, Sun Z (June 2006). “Protein kinase C-theta-mediated signals enhance CD4+ T cell survival by up-regulating Bcl-xL”. J. Immunol. 176 (11): 6709–16. PMID (16709830).

[pmid10479648-20] Wang N, Verna L, Hardy S, Forsayeth J, Zhu Y, Stemerman MB (September 1999). “Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of c-Jun and c-Fos induces intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in human endothelial cells”. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 19 (9): 2078–84. PMID (10479648).

[pmid18384814-21] Fujita S, Ito T, Mizutani T, Minoguchi S, Yamamichi N, Sakurai K, Iba H (May 2008). “miR-21 Gene expression triggered by AP-1 is sustained through a double-negative feedback mechanism”. J. Mol. Biol. 378 (3): 492–504. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2008.03.015. PMID (18384814).

[pmid9950682-22] von Knethen A, Callsen D, Brüne B (February 1999). “NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation by nitric oxide attenuated apoptotic cell death in RAW 264.7 macrophages”. Mol. Biol. Cell 10 (2): 361–72. PMC 25174. PMID (9950682).

[pmid17003107-23] Phelan JP, Millson SH, Parker PJ, Piper PW, Cooke FT (October 2006). “Fab1p and AP-1 are required for trafficking of endogenously ubiquitylated cargoes to the vacuole lumen in S. cerevisiae”. J. Cell. Sci. 119 (Pt 20): 4225–34. doi:10.1242/jcs.03188. PMID (17003107).

[pmid16131569-24] Nolasco LH, Turner NA, Bernardo A, et al. (December 2005). “Hemolytic uremic syndrome-associated Shiga toxins promote endothelial-cell secretion and impair ADAMTS13 cleavage of unusually large von Willebrand factor multimers”. Blood 106 (13): 4199–209. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-05-2111. PMC 1895236. PMID (16131569).

[pmid15192124-25] Hommura F, Katabami M, Leaner VD, et al. (May 2004). “HMG-I/Y is a c-Jun/activator protein-1 target gene and is necessary for c-Jun-induced anchorage-independent growth in Rat1a cells”. Mol. Cancer Res. 2 (5): 305–14. PMID (15192124).

[26] General Introduction

[pmid11930096-27] Chang CJ, Chao JC (April 2002). “Effect of human milk and epidermal growth factor on growth of human intestinal Caco-2 cells”. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 34 (4): 394–401. doi:10.1097/00005176-200204000-00015. PMID (11930096).

[pmid9651209-28] Weber JR, Skene JH (July 1998). “The activity of a highly promiscuous AP-1 element can be confined to neurons by a tissue-selective repressive element”. J. Neurosci. 18 (14): 5264–74. PMID (9651209).

[pmid3034433-29] Lee W, Mitchell P, Tjian R (June 1987). “Purified transcription factor AP-1 interacts with TPA-inducible enhancer elements”. Cell 49 (6): 741–52. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90612-X. PMID (3034433).

[pmid10330050-30] Cohen MP, Ziyadeh FN, Lautenslager GT, Cohen JA, Shearman CW (May 1999). “Glycated albumin stimulation of PKC-beta activity is linked to increased collagen IV in mesangial cells”. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (5 Pt 2): F684–90. PMID (10330050).

[pmid15833113-31] Stark CJ, Atreya CD (2005). “Molecular advances in the cell biology of SARS-CoV and current disease prevention strategies”. Virol. J. 2: 35. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-2-35. PMC 1087510. PMID (15833113).

[pmid9854051-32] Lane SJ, Adcock IM, Richards D, Hawrylowicz C, Barnes PJ, Lee TH (December 1998). “Corticosteroid-resistant bronchial asthma is associated with increased c-fos expression in monocytes and T lymphocytes”. J. Clin. Invest. 102 (12): 2156–64. doi:10.1172/JCI2680. PMC 509170. PMID (9854051).

[pmid17065199-33] Steiner C, Peters WH, Gallagher EP, Magee P, Rowland I, Pool-Zobel BL (March 2007). “Genistein protects human mammary epithelial cells from benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal genotoxicity by modulating the glutathione/glutathione S-transferase system”. Carcinogenesis 28 (3): 738–48. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl180. PMID (17065199).

[34] Emerin and inherited disease

[35] AccessMedicine - Content

[pmid11440364-36] Ahn JD, Morishita R, Kaneda Y, et al. (June 2001). “Transcription factor decoy for activator protein-1 (AP-1) inhibits high glucose- and angiotensin II-induced type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) gene expression in cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells”. Diabetologia 44 (6): 713–20. doi:10.1007/s001250051680. PMID (11440364).

[pmid11535421-37] Kang S, Fisher GJ, Voorhees JJ (November 2001). “Photoaging: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment”. Clin. Geriatr. Med. 17 (4): 643–59, v–vi. doi:10.1016/S0749-0690(05)70091-4. PMID (11535421).

[pmid9643353-38] Navasa M, Gordon DA, Hariharan N, et al. (June 1998). “Regulation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein mRNA expression by endotoxin and cytokines”. J. Lipid Res. 39 (6): 1220–30. PMID (9643353).

[39] Retinoic Acid Inhibits Serum-stimulated Activator Protein-1 via ...

[pmid12397041-40] Inagi R, Miyata T, Nangaku M, et al. (November 2002). “Transcriptional regulation of a mesangium-predominant gene, megsin”. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13 (11): 2715–22. doi:10.1097/01.ASN.0000033507.32175.FA. PMID (12397041).

[pmid10211966-41] Kim S, Yu SS, Lee IS, et al. (April 1999). “Human cytomegalovirus IE1 protein activates AP-1 through a cellular protein kinase(s)”. J. Gen. Virol. 80 ( Pt 4): 961–9. PMID (10211966).

[pmid15494506-42] Masuda A, Yoshikai Y, Kume H, Matsuguchi T (November 2004). “The interaction between GATA proteins and activator protein-1 promotes the transcription of IL-13 in mast cells”. J. Immunol. 173 (9): 5564–73. PMID (15494506).

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[51] Erase Your Ugly Scars

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ウィキペディア	ランダム
毎日	カテゴリ

AP-1

目次

Regulome

脚注

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